Tempe Arizona Water Distribution Grade 3 & 4 Practice Exam

The tree system is not recommended for use in highly populated areas primarily because it features many dead-end lines. In this system, water flows through a main trunk line that branches out into smaller lines, similar to the structure of a tree. These dead-end lines can lead to stagnant water, which increases the risk of water quality issues, including the potential for bacterial growth and decreased chlorine residuals. In densely populated areas where demand for fresh and safe water is high, the presence of dead ends can significantly hinder the efficient circulation of water and complicate maintenance efforts. A well-designed distribution system needs to minimize areas that could become stagnant, ensuring consistent water flow and quality, which a tree system struggles to achieve in such environments. Other systems like the grid or loop systems are generally preferred in these scenarios due to their ability to promote better water flow and minimize the issues associated with dead-end lines.